Utilization of Macadamia Nutshell Residue for the Synthesis of Magnetic Activated Carbon toward Zinc (II) Ion Removal

In this study, macadamia nutshell residue, a prevalent leftover and green agricultural waste in Vietnam, was utilized to prepare magnetic activated carbon adsorbent. The obtained material characterized by its surface functionalities, elemental composition, crystalline structure, properties. characterization results revealed that the composite comprised Fe3O4 nanoparticles attached matrix. saturation magnetization (Ms) of found be 38.2 emu g−1, indicating convenient separation solid adsorbent from aqueous media using an external field. feasibility removing zinc (II) ion solution carbon/Fe3O4 (AC/Fe3O4) examined. adsorption kinetics were best explained Elovich model pseudo-second-order model. capacity at equilibrium initial rate Zn2+ determined 22.73 mg g−1 4.18 min−1, respectively. implications study are low-cost, green, magnetically separable prepared large-scale available can promising for elimination heavy metals.